What are the primary differences in the use of calligraphy in Islamic art compared to other visual elements, and how does it serve both artistic and religious purposes?
How do Indian miniature paintings, like those from the Rajput and Mughal traditions, convey narratives and cultural themes through their distinct styles and techniques?
In what ways did the Mughal Empire influence the development and style of Indian art, particularly in areas such as painting, architecture, and textiles?
5. **What role did art schools, such as the Bengal School of Art and the Kalighat paintings, play in the evolution of modern Indian art, and how did they address themes of nationalism and identity?
4. **How did the introduction of European colonial influence alter the traditional Indian artistic techniques and mediums, and what impact did this have on the art of the 19th and 20th centuries?
3. **In what ways did religious beliefs and practices influence the development and motifs of Islamic calligraphy and geometric patterns in art and architecture?
2. **How did the architecture of Islamic mosques and palaces in India, such as the Taj Mahal and Qutb Minar, reflect the fusion of indigenous Indian styles with Persian and Central Asian influences?
5. **In what ways have Indian and Islamic art influenced each other historically, particularly during periods of cultural exchange such as the Mughal Empire?
